本文目的:
利用开源DWR,实现客户端页面不用刷新就可以显示服务器发送过来的数据。这是一个jsp+tomcat+dwr的简单例子。具体的理论性知识参考dwr官网。
文章最后附带MyEclipse的源工程下载。
准备工作:
1、DWR官网下载3.0的jar包
地址: https://java.net/downloads/dwr/DWR_3.x/3.0_RC2/dwr.jar
2、在web工程中加入所依赖的文件
具体添加依赖文件的过程可以参考:DWR中文文档的第一章“DWR入门”,或者参考DWR官网Getting Started with DWR 中的配置。
依赖的文件有:刚才下载的dwr.jar包、Commons Logging jar
编辑配置文件
1、配置web.xml
将如下的代码添加到WEB-INF/web.xml,在web.xml中所有的<servlet>要放在一起,所有的<servlet-mapping>区域也是一样。关于web.xml的具体配置可以参考上述提供的文档。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
- <display-name>dwr_test</display-name>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <servlet>
- <display-name>DWR Servlet</display-name>
- <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>debug</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <!-- Remove this unless you want to use active reverse ajax -->
- <init-param>
- <param-name>activeReverseAjaxEnabled</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <!-- 下面是我在后文将要提到的一个servlet的设置,注意根据自己程序设置servlet-class和servlet-name区域的值 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>MySevlet</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>dwr_test.MySevlet</servlet-class>
- </servlet>
- <!-- 下面是我在后文将要提到的一个servlet的设置,注意根据自己程序设置url-pattern区域的值 -->
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>MySevlet</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/server/push</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- </web-app>
2、配置dwr.xml
创建新的xml文件,命名为dwr。具体字段含义请参考上述给出的参考文档。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 3.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr/dwr30.dtd">
- <!-- 要根据自己demo的实际情况具体设置如下的各个字段的值 -->
- <dwr>
- <allow>
- <create creator="new" javascript="service">
- <param name="class" value="dwr_test.Service" />
- </create>
- </allow>
- </dwr>
3、推送程序
这个程序包含的函数sendMsg负责向客户端推送消息。
- //Service.java
- package dwr_test;
- /*public class Service {
- public String sayHello(String yourName) {
- return "Hello World " + yourName;
- }
- }*/
- import org.directwebremoting.Browser;
- import org.directwebremoting.ScriptSessions;
- import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
- import org.directwebremoting.WebContext;
- import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
- import org.directwebremoting.ui.dwr.Util;
- import java.text.*;
- import java.util.*;
- public class Service{
- public static void sendMsg(final String msg){
- //WebContext wctx = WebContextFactory.get();
- //Browser.withPage("/MyDWRSample/",new Runnable(){
- //针对具体的页面first_test.jsp页面进行推送
- String page = ServerContextFactory.get().getContextPath() + "/first_test.jsp";
- //System.out.println(page);
- Browser.withPage(page,new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- //ScriptSessions.addFunctionCall("show",msg);
- //messageid字段是向jsp页面推送时所对应的字段,msg是要推送的消息
- Util.setValue("messageid",msg);
- }
- });
- }
- }
4、模拟servlet,模拟请求服务
这个servlet用来模拟请求,当请求到来的时候,servlet调用sendMsg方法来向客户端推送当前时间以及字符串“aaaaaa”。
- //MyServlet.java,注意工程中这个文件的名字书写错误,好囧
- package dwr_test;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- /*import org.directwebremoting.ServerContext;
- import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
- import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory.WebContextBuilder;
- import org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultWebContextBuilder;*/
- public class MySevlet extends HttpServlet {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
- /* ServerContext sc = ServerContextFactory.get () ;
- WebContextBuilder webBuilder = new DefaultWebContextBuilder () ;
- webBuilder.engageThread (sc.getContainer (),request,response) ;*/
- doPost(request,response);
- }
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,IOException {
- // PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
- SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- Service.sendMsg( "time: " + df.format(new Date()) + " aaaaaa");
- // out.write("aaaaa");
- }
- }
5、客户端页面first_test.jsp
这个页面用来接收服务器的推送。
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <Meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>Insert title here</title>
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/engine.js'></script>
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/util.js'></script>
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/interface/service.js'></script>
- <script>
- function my_onload(){
- dwr.engine.setActiveReverseAjax(true);
- }
- function show(message){
- alert(message);
- document.getElementById('messageid').value=message;
- }
- </script>
- </head>
- <body onload="my_onload();">
- 从服务端得到的消息:<br /> <input type="text" style="width:230px" id="messageid" value="" />
- </body>
- </html>
程序演示:
输入链接http://localhost:8080/dwr_test/first_test.jsp,打开客户端页面:
浏览器输入链接http://localhost:8080/dwr_test/server/push,模拟请求,这时客户端会显示当前时间以及字符串“aaaaaa":
MyEclipse工程下载:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013074465/9338055
本人刚刚接触web的东西,java也是刚开始学习,代码很劣质,希望指教。