Django实现文件上传和下载功能

Python 2019-12-19

本文实例为大家分享了Django下完成文件上传和下载功能的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

Views.py

def upload(request):
  if request.method == "POST": # 请求方法为POST时，进行处理
    myFile = request.FILES.get("myfile",None) # 获取上传的文件，如果没有文件，则默认为None
    if not myFile:
      return HttpResponse("no files for upload!")
    # destination=open(os.path.join('upload',myFile.name),'wb+')
    destination = open(
      os.path.join("你的文件存放地址",'wb+') # 打开特定的文件进行二进制的写操作
    for chunk in myFile.chunks(): # 分块写入文件
      destination.write(chunk)
    destination.close()
    return HttpResponse("upload over!")
  else:
    file_list = []
    files = os.listdir('D:\python\Salary management system\django\managementsystem\\file')
    for i in files:
      file_list.append(i)
    return render(request,'upload.html',{'file_list': file_list})

urls.py

url(r'download/$',views.download),

upload.html

<div class="container-fluid">
  <div class="row">
    <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/upload_file/" method="POST">
      <input type="file" name="myfile"/>
      <br/>
      <input type="submit" value="upload"/>
    </form>
  </div>
</div>

页面显示

Django实现文件上传和下载功能

二、文件下载

Views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse,StreamingHttpResponse
from django.conf import settings

def download(request):
  filename = request.GET.get('file')
  filepath = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT,filename)
  fp = open(filepath,'rb')
  response = StreamingHttpResponse(fp)
  # response = FileResponse(fp)
  response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
  response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="%s"' % filename
  return response
  fp.close()

HttpResponse会直接使用迭代器对象，将迭代器对象的内容存储城字符串，然后返回给客户端，同时释放内存。可以当文件变大看出这是一个非常耗费时间和内存的过程。

而StreamingHttpResponse是将文件内容进行流式传输，StreamingHttpResponse在官方文档的解释是：

The StreamingHttpResponse class is used to stream a response from Django to the browser. You might want to do this if generating the response takes too long or uses too much memory.

这是一种非常省时省内存的方法。但是因为StreamingHttpResponse的文件传输过程持续在整个response的过程中，所以这有可能会降低服务器的性能。

urls.py