好的,所以我有一个真正可怕的
MySQL表(900k记录,总共180 MB),我想从每个组中更高的date_updated和计算加权平均数的子组记录中提取.计算运行了〜15个小时,我有一个强烈的感觉,我做错了.
首先,怪异桌布局:
>类别
> element_id
> date_updated
>值
>体重
> source_prefix
> source_name
只有这里的关键是element_id(BTREE,〜8k独特元素).
并计算过程:
为每个组和子组创建散列.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `temp1` (INDEX ( `ds_hash` )) SELECT `category`,`element_id`,`source_prefix`,`source_name`,`date_updated`,`value`,`weight`,MD5(CONCAT(`category`,`source_name`)) AS `subcat_hash`,`date_updated`)) AS `cat_hash` FROM `bigbigtable` WHERE `date_updated` <= '2009-04-28'
我真的不明白这个哈希的大惊小怪,但是这样做的速度更快.黑魔法,我假定.
查找每个子组的最大日期
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `temp2` (INDEX ( `subcat_hash` )) SELECT MAX(`date_updated`) AS `maxdate`,`subcat_hash` FROM `temp1` GROUP BY `subcat_hash`;
使用temp2加入temp1以查找类别的加权平均值
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `valuebycats` (INDEX ( `category` )) SELECT `temp1`.`element_id`,`temp1`.`category`,`temp1`.`source_prefix`,`temp1`.`source_name`,`temp1`.`date_updated`,AVG(`temp1`.`value`) AS `avg_value`,SUM(`temp1`.`value` * `temp1`.`weight`) / SUM(`weight`) AS `rating` FROM `temp1` LEFT JOIN `temp2` ON `temp1`.`subcat_hash` = `temp2`.`subcat_hash` WHERE `temp2`.`subcat_hash` = `temp1`.`subcat_hash` AND `temp1`.`date_updated` = `temp2`.`maxdate` GROUP BY `temp1`.`cat_hash`;
(现在我看过它,写下来,在我看来,我应该在最后一个查询中使用INNER JOIN(以避免900k * 900k的临时表)).
不过,有没有正常的方法呢?
UPD:一些图片供参考:
UPD:提出解决方案的解释:
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | cur | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 893085 | 100.00 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | next | ref | prefix | prefix | 1074 | bigbigtable.cur.source_prefix,bigbigtable.cur.source_name,bigbigtable.cur.element_id | 1 | 100.00 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------+
解决方法
使用hashses是数据库引擎可以执行连接的方式之一.应该是非常罕见的,你必须编写自己的基于哈希的联接;这肯定不像其中一个,有一个900k行的表与一些聚合.
SELECT cur.source_prefix,cur.source_name,cur.category,cur.element_id,MAX(cur.date_updated) AS DateUpdated,AVG(cur.value) AS AvgValue,SUM(cur.value * cur.weight) / SUM(cur.weight) AS Rating FROM eev0 cur LEFT JOIN eev0 next ON next.date_updated < '2009-05-01' AND next.source_prefix = cur.source_prefix AND next.source_name = cur.source_name AND next.element_id = cur.element_id AND next.date_updated > cur.date_updated WHERE cur.date_updated < '2009-05-01' AND next.category IS NULL GROUP BY cur.source_prefix,cur.element_id
GROUP BY对每个源类别元素执行计算.
JOIN在那里过滤掉旧条目.它会查找稍后的条目,然后WHERE语句过滤出后面条目存在的行.这样的连接可以从(source_prefix,source_name,element_id,date_updated)上的索引中获益.