我正在使用MVC 4 Web Api,我希望在使用我的服务之前对用户进行身份验证.
我已经实现了一个授权消息处理程序,它运行得很好.
public class AuthorizationHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
private readonly AuthenticationService _authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();
protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request,CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
IEnumerable<string> apiKeyHeaderValues = null;
if (request.Headers.TryGetValues("X-ApiKey",out apiKeyHeaderValues))
{
var apiKeyHeaderValue = apiKeyHeaderValues.First();
// ... your authentication logic here ...
var user = _authenticationService.GetUserByKey(new Guid(apiKeyHeaderValue));
if (user != null)
{
var userId = user.Id;
var userIdClaim = new Claim(ClaimTypes.SerialNumber,userId.ToString());
var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(new[] { userIdClaim },"ApiKey");
var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
Thread.CurrentPrincipal = principal;
}
}
return base.SendAsync(request,cancellationToken);
}
}
问题是,我使用表单身份验证.
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Login(UserModel model)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
var user = _authenticationService.Login(model);
if (user != null)
{
// Add the api key to the HttpResponse???
}
return View(model);
}
return View(model);
}
当我打电话给我的时候：
[Authorize]
public class TestController : ApiController
{
public string GetLists()
{
return "Weee";
}
}
处理程序找不到X-ApiKey标头.
解决方法
我找到了以下文章
http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/working-with-http/http-cookies
使用它我配置我的AuthorizationHandler使用cookie：
使用它我配置我的AuthorizationHandler使用cookie：
public class AuthorizationHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
private readonly IAuthenticationService _authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();
protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request,CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var cookie = request.Headers.GetCookies(Constants.ApiKey).FirstOrDefault();
if (cookie != null)
{
var apiKey = cookie[Constants.ApiKey].Value;
try
{
var guidKey = Guid.Parse(apiKey);
var user = _authenticationService.GetUserByKey(guidKey);
if (user != null)
{
var userIdClaim = new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,apiKey);
var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(new[] { userIdClaim },"ApiKey");
var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
Thread.CurrentPrincipal = principal;
}
}
catch (FormatException)
{
}
}
return base.SendAsync(request,cancellationToken);
}
}
我配置了我的登录操作结果：
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Login(LoginModel model)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
var user = _authenticationService.Login(model);
if (user != null)
{
_cookieHelper.SetCookie(user);
return RedirectToAction("Index","Home");
}
ModelState.AddModelError("","Incorrect username or password");
return View(model);
}
return View(model);
}
在里面,我使用的是我创建的CookieHelper.它由一个界面组成：
public interface ICookieHelper
{
void SetCookie(User user);
void RemoveCookie();
Guid GetUserId();
}
以及实现接口的类：
public class CookieHelper : ICookieHelper
{
private readonly HttpContextBase _httpContext;
public CookieHelper(HttpContextBase httpContext)
{
_httpContext = httpContext;
}
public void SetCookie(User user)
{
var cookie = new HttpCookie(Constants.ApiKey,user.UserId.ToString())
{
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(1)
};
_httpContext.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
}
public void RemoveCookie()
{
var cookie = _httpContext.Response.Cookies[Constants.ApiKey];
if (cookie != null)
{
cookie.Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(-1);
_httpContext.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
}
}
public Guid GetUserId()
{
var cookie = _httpContext.Request.Cookies[Constants.ApiKey];
if (cookie != null && cookie.Value != null)
{
return Guid.Parse(cookie.Value);
}
return Guid.Empty;
}
}
通过这个配置,现在我可以使用我的ApiControllers的Authorize属性：
[Authorize]
public class TestController : ApiController
{
public string Get()
{
return String.Empty;
}
}
这意味着,如果用户没有登录.他无法访问我的api并收到401错误.此外,我可以在我的代码中的任何位置检索api密钥,我将其用作用户ID,这使得它非常干净和可读.
我不认为使用cookie是最好的解决方案,因为有些用户可能已经在浏览器中禁用了它们,但目前我还没有找到更好的方法来进行授权.