Centos6.5配置Kickstart无人值守安装
使用PXE安装系统我们需要用到:
DHCP 服务器软件:用于给PXE客户端分配IP地址
TFTP 服务器软件:向PXE客户端传送启动时所需要的文件
HTTP/NFS/FTP/软件:主要提供系统安装盘的全部文件。(这些协议较TFTP稳定)
1.配置网络及本地
设置网络:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:35:19:69
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.8.99
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.8.1
配置本地yum源:
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost ~]# mount |grep iso
/dev/sr0 on /mnt type iso9660 (ro)
关闭防火墙及selinux:
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables:将链设置为政策 ACCEPT:filter [确定]
iptables:清除防火墙规则: [确定]
iptables:正在卸载模块: [确定]
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables save
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# echo "setforce 0" >>/etc/rc.local
2.安装并配置dhcp、vsftpd、tftp-server、syslinux等软件
1)安装并配置DHCP服务,dhcp服务器为要安装的系统主机分配的iP地址。
安装:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp -y
配置:
[root@localhost ~]# vi/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.8.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.8.150 192.168.8.180;
option routers 192.168.8.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43000;
next-server 192.168.8.99;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,9) = "PXEClient";
}
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd start
正在启动 dhcpd: [确定]
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -utpln |grep dhcp
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 1271/dhcpd
2)安装并配置vsftpd:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install vsftpd -y
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/ftp/centos6.5
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /var/ftp/centos6.5/##将系统盘中的数据提供
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd start
为 vsftpd 启动 vsftpd: [确定]
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -utlpn |grep vsftp
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1302/vsftpd
另外linux主机测试:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install lftp -y
[root@localhost ~]# lftp 192.168.8.99
lftp 192.168.8.99:~> ls
dr-xr-xr-x 6 0 0 4096 Nov 29 2013 centos6.5
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Mar 01 2013 pub
lftp 192.168.8.99:/> cd centos6.5/
lftp 192.168.8.99:/centos6.5> ls |head -5
-r--r--r-- 2 0 0 14 Nov 29 2013 CentOS_BuildTag
-r--r--r-- 2 0 0 212 Nov 27 2013 EULA
-r--r--r-- 2 0 0 18009 Nov 27 2013 GPL
dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 509952 Nov 29 2013 Packages
-r--r--r-- 2 0 0 1354 Nov 27 2013 RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html
3)安装并配置tftp-server:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install tftp-server -y
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp ##修改配置“disable = no”启用tftp
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#workstations,download configuration files to network-aware printers,\
#and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type= dgram
protocol= udp
wait= yes
user= root
server= /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args= -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable= no
per_source= 11
cps= 100 2
flags= IPv4
}
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start##启动tftp-server的代理服务xinetd
正在启动 xinetd: [确定]
4)安装syslinux及配置PXE:
syslinux提供pxelinux.0文件,复制到tftp-server的共享目录
[root@localhost ~]# yum install syslinux -y
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ql syslinux |grep pxelinux.0
/usr/share/syslinux/gpxelinux.0
/usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
5)从系统光盘中拷贝vmlinuz及initrd.img
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/images/pxeboot/
[root@localhost pxeboot]# cp initrd.img vmlinuz/var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost pxeboot]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@localhost tftpboot]# ls
initrd.img pxelinux.0 vmlinuz
[root@localhost tftpboot]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@localhost tftpboot]#vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default auto
prompt 0
label auto
kernel vmlinuz
append ks=ftp://192.168.8.99/pub/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img devfs=nomount ramdisk_size=8192
6)配置应答文件:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install system-config-kickstart -y
[root@localhost ~]# system-config-kickstart##运行kickstart
基本配置:
安装方法:
引导装载程序选项:
分区信息:
网络配置:
防火墙:
软件包选择:(注意次处决定了安装后系统自带的功能,大家可根据自己的需求添加,下面是一个实例)
[root@localhost ~]# cat ks.cfg
#platform=x86,AMD64,?.Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://192.168.8.99/centos6.5"
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Africa/Abidjan
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=200
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4000
part / --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1
%packages
@additional-devel
@base
@basic-desktop
@chinese-support
@development
@general-desktop
@graphical-admin-tools
@input-methods
@internet-browser
@legacy-x
@network-tools
@server-platform-devel
@system-management
@system-management-messaging-server
@system-management-snmp
@system-management-wbem
@x11
%end
共享ks.cfg文件:
[root@localhost ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/ftp/pub
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/ftp/pub/
ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default |grep ks##验证正确性
append ks=ftp://192.168.8.99/pub/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img devfs=nomount ramdisk_size=8192
3.安装测试效果图:
新建虚拟机修改bios将启动模式设置为网络启动:
原文链接:/centos/378837.html