这是有问题的代码.
啊：
#include <string> #include <vector> std::vector<std::string> foo();
a.cpp
#include "a.h"
std::vector<std::string> foo()
{
std::vector<std::string> v;
return v;
}
最后是main.cpp：
#include "a.h"
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::vector<std::string> s = foo();
return 0;
}
编译如下(main.cpp用STL调试标志编译)：
g++ -c a.cpp g++ -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG main.cpp a.o
运行a.out时,进程崩溃：
Core was generated by `./a.out'. Program terminated with signal 11,Segmentation fault. #0 0x00007fe355998c43 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_iterator_base::_M_detach_single() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (gdb) bt #0 0x00007fe355998c43 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_iterator_base::_M_detach_single() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 #1 0x00007fe355999ebc in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence_base::_M_detach_all() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 #2 0x0000000000400cac in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence_base::~_Safe_sequence_base() () #3 0x0000000000400cc6 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence<std::__debug::vector<std::basic_string<char,std::char_traits<char>,std::allocator<char> >,std::allocator<std::basic_string<char,std::allocator<char> > > > >::~_Safe_sequence() () #4 0x0000000000400ce7 in std::__debug::vector<std::basic_string<char,std::allocator<char> > > >::~vector() () #5 0x0000000000400c35 in main ()
我的gcc：
Using built-in specs. Target: x86_64-suse-linux Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --libdir=/usr/lib64 --libexecdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java,ada --enable-checking=release --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --enable-ssp --disable-libssp --with-bugurl=http://bugs.opensuse.org/ --with-pkgversion='SUSE Linux' --disable-libgcj --disable-libmudflap --with-slibdir=/lib64 --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-libstdcxx-allocator=new --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-linux-futex --without-system-libunwind --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic --build=x86_64-suse-linux Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.1 [gcc-4_4-branch revision 150839] (SUSE Linux)
解决方法
Per-use recompilation: The user must recompile the parts of his or her application and the C++ libraries it depends on where debugging should occur,and any other code that interacts with those containers. This means that a set of translation units that accesses a particular standard container instance may either be compiled in release mode (no checking) or debug mode (full checking),but must all be compiled in the same way; a translation unit that does not see that standard container instance need not be recompiled. This also means that a translation unit A that contains a particular instantiation (say,std::vector) compiled in release mode can be linked against a translation unit B that contains the same instantiation compiled in debug mode (a feature not present with partial recompilation). While this behavior is technically a violation of the One Definition Rule,this ability tends to be very important in practice. The libstdc++ debug mode supports this level of recompilation.
对于每个单元的编译,这是你在这里尝试做的,它说：
We believe that this level of recompilation is in fact not possible if we intend to supply safe iterators,leave the program semantics unchanged,and not regress in performance under release mode….
因此,我对你上一个问题的回答并不完全准确,我道歉.我已经添加了一个附录来纠正它,我希望这是一个有用的建议,如何解决那里的多库问题.