Ubuntu-16.04 部署 OpenStack Ocata<下>

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六、配置 Dashboard 仪表盘服务(ControllerNode)


1.配置Dashboard

#apt-yinstallopenstack-dashboard
#vim/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py
OPENSTACK_HOST="192.168.30.145"##配置仪表盘以使用OpenStack服务
ALLOWED_HOSTS=['*']##允许所有主机访问仪表板
##配置memcached会话存储服务
SESSION_ENGINE='django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES={
'default':{
'BACKEND':'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache','LOCATION':'192.168.30.145:11211',}
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL="http://%s:5000/v3"%OPENSTACK_HOST##启用第3版认证API
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT=True##启用对域的支持
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS={
"identity":3,"image":2,"volume":2,}##配置API版本
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN="default"##通过仪表盘创建用户时的默认域配置
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE="user"##通过仪表盘创建的用户默认角色配置
TIME_ZONE="Asia/Chongqing"##配置时区

#cat/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py|grep-v"#"|grep-v^$


2.更改dashboard 密钥文件权限

#chownwww-data:www-data/var/lib/openstack-dashboard/secret_key
#serviceapache2reload##重新加载web服务器配置


3.验证仪表盘服务

浏览器输入 http://controller/horizon 访问仪表盘。

使用 admin 或者 demo 用户凭证和 default 域凭证验证。

wKioL1jfl_fRT8UvAAA4Nr8Yy8g768.png

身份管理-项目

wKiom1jfmBziUCDgAAB-CAburao274.png

身份管理-用户

wKioL1jfmDDTfLC1AACdsEGw0TI925.png



七、启动一个实例


1.创建公共网络


a.获取 admin 权限

#.admin-openrc


b.创建网络

#openstacknetworkcreate--share\\
--provider-physical-networkprovider\\
--provider-network-typeflatprovider
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|admin_state_up|UP|
|availability_zone_hints||
|availability_zones||
|created_at|2017-03-29T11:59:09Z|
|description||
|dns_domain|None|
|id|ff30780d-45af-45dc-860f-59b1c091c2a2|
|ipv4_address_scope|None|
|ipv6_address_scope|None|
|is_default|None|
|mtu|1500|
|name|provider|
|port_security_enabled|True|
|project_id|2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe|
|provider:network_type|flat|
|provider:physical_network|provider|
|provider:segmentation_id|None|
|qos_policy_id|None|
|revision_number|3|
|router:external|Internal|
|segments|None|
|shared|True|
|status|ACTIVE|
|subnets||
|updated_at|2017-03-29T11:59:10Z|
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+

--shared:允许所有项目使用虚拟网络

--provider:管理员创建的直接和物理网络映射的网络

--provider-physical-network (物理网络的逻辑名称)

--provider-network-type (网络类型,包括 vxlan,gre,vlan,flat,local)


c.配置 Modular Layer 2 (ML2) 插件

#vim/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks=provider


d.配置Linuxbridge代理

#vim/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings=provider:ens33


2.在网络上创建一个子网

#openstacksubnetcreate--networkprovider\\
--allocation-poolstart=192.168.200.100,end=192.168.200.200\\
--dns-nameserver114.114.114.114--gateway192.168.200.1\\
--subnet-range192.168.200.0/24provider
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|allocation_pools|192.168.200.100-192.168.200.200|
|cidr|192.168.200.0/24|
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:04:57Z|
|description||
|dns_nameservers|114.114.114.114|
|enable_dhcp|True|
|gateway_ip|192.168.200.1|
|host_routes||
|id|4a1899dc-581c-4ada-8ebd-ad632f0ce1ee|
|ip_version|4|
|ipv6_address_mode|None|
|ipv6_ra_mode|None|
|name|provider|
|network_id|ff30780d-45af-45dc-860f-59b1c091c2a2|
|project_id|2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe|
|revision_number|2|
|segment_id|None|
|service_types||
|subnetpool_id|None|
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:04:58Z|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+


3.创建私有网络


a.获取 demo 权限

#.demo-openrc


b.创建网络

#openstacknetworkcreateselfservice
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|admin_state_up|UP|
|availability_zone_hints||
|availability_zones||
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:09:05Z|
|description||
|dns_domain|None|
|id|afd4f998-901d-42ca-a002-b25f9b4c9e4e|
|ipv4_address_scope|None|
|ipv6_address_scope|None|
|is_default|None|
|mtu|1450|
|name|selfservice|
|port_security_enabled|True|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|provider:network_type|None|
|provider:physical_network|None|
|provider:segmentation_id|None|
|qos_policy_id|None|
|revision_number|3|
|router:external|Internal|
|segments|None|
|shared|False|
|status|ACTIVE|
|subnets||
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:09:05Z|
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+


c.配置 Modular Layer 2 (ML2) 插件

#vim/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]
tenant_network_types=vxlan
[ml2_type_vxlan]
vni_ranges=1:1000


4.在网络上创建一个子网

#openstacksubnetcreate--networkselfservice\\
--dns-nameserver114.114.114.114--gateway172.16.1.1\\
--subnet-range172.16.1.0/24selfservice
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|allocation_pools|172.16.1.2-172.16.1.254|
|cidr|172.16.1.0/24|
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:12:39Z|
|description||
|dns_nameservers|114.114.114.114|
|enable_dhcp|True|
|gateway_ip|172.16.1.1|
|host_routes||
|id|1420f8c3-fa03-4ab3-9329-4455a52f357c|
|ip_version|4|
|ipv6_address_mode|None|
|ipv6_ra_mode|None|
|name|selfservice|
|network_id|afd4f998-901d-42ca-a002-b25f9b4c9e4e|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|revision_number|2|
|segment_id|None|
|service_types||
|subnetpool_id|None|
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:12:39Z|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+


5.创建路由

私有网络通过虚拟路由来连接到公有网络,以双向NAT最为典型。

每个路由包含至少一个连接到私有网络的接口及一个连接到公有网络的网关的接口。


b.添加 router:external 到 provider 网络

公有提供网络必须包括 router: external 选项,用来使路由连接到外部网络

#neutronnet-updateprovider--router:external
Updatednetwork:provider


c.获取 demo 权限

#.demo-openrc


d.创建路由

#openstackroutercreaterouter
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|admin_state_up|UP|
|availability_zone_hints||
|availability_zones||
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:17:13Z|
|description||
|distributed|False|
|external_gateway_info|None|
|flavor_id|None|
|ha|False|
|id|4f42ae28-fcf1-4f72-9341-e6d8f7caaa90|
|name|router|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|revision_number|None|
|routes||
|status|ACTIVE|
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:17:13Z|
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+

wKiom1jfmLmS_SIKAAAxN2pt9ik207.png

e.给路由器添加一个私网子网的接口

#neutronrouter-interface-addrouterselfservice
Addedinterface9f67d7fa-520b-48b4-913f-e3d6ad944e34torouterrouter.


f.给路由器设置公有网络的网关

#neutronrouter-gateway-setrouterprovider
Setgatewayforrouterrouter


6.验证操作

b.列出网络命名空间

#ipnetns
qrouter-4f42ae28-fcf1-4f72-9341-e6d8f7caaa90(id:2)
qdhcp-afd4f998-901d-42ca-a002-b25f9b4c9e4e(id:1)
qdhcp-ff30780d-45af-45dc-860f-59b1c091c2a2(id:0)


c.列出路由器上的端口来确定公网网关的 IP 地址

#neutronrouter-port-listrouter
+----------------+------+-----------+-------------+------------------+
|id|name|tenant_id|mac_address|fixed_ips|
+----------------+------+-----------+-------------+------------------+
|9448a1a4-5a62-|||fa:16:3e:9d|{"subnet_id":|
|4c82-9b86-cd58|||:df:d5|"4a1899dc-581c-|
|24711913||||4ada-8ebd-|
|||||ad632f0ce1ee",|
|||||"ip_address":"1|
|||||92.168.200.103"}|
|9f67d7fa-520b-||2ef20ce38|fa:16:3e:f7|{"subnet_id":"1|
|48b4-913f-||9eb499696|:5b:6a|420f8c3-fa03-4ab|
|e3d6ad944e34||f2d7497c6||3-9329-4455a52f3|
|||009b0||57c",|
|||||"ip_address":|
|||||"172.16.1.1"}|
+----------------+------+-----------+-------------+------------------+


d.从控制节点或任意公共物理网络上的节点Ping这个IP地址

#ping-c4192.168.200.103
PING192.168.200.103(192.168.200.103)56(84)bytesofdata.
64bytesfrom192.168.200.103:icmp_seq=1ttl=128time=25.2ms
64bytesfrom192.168.200.103:icmp_seq=2ttl=128time=2.79ms
64bytesfrom192.168.200.103:icmp_seq=3ttl=128time=2.73ms
64bytesfrom192.168.200.103:icmp_seq=4ttl=128time=2.46ms
---192.168.200.103pingstatistics---
4packetstransmitted,4received,0%packetloss,time3004ms
rttmin/avg/max/mdev=2.464/8.309/25.245/9.778ms


7.创建m1.nano规格的主机

#openstackflavorcreate--id0--vcpus1--ram64--disk1m1.nano
+----------------------------+---------+
|Field|Value|
+----------------------------+---------+
|OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled|False|
|OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral|0|
|disk|1|
|id|0|
|name|m1.nano|
|os-flavor-access:is_public|True|
|properties||
|ram|64|
|rxtx_factor|1.0|
|swap||
|vcpus|1|
+----------------------------+---------+


8.生成一个键值对


a.导入租户 demo 的凭证:

#.demo-openrc


b.生成添加秘钥对:

#ssh-keygen-q-N""
Enterfileinwhichtosavethekey(/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
#openstackkeypaircreate--public-key~/.ssh/id_rsa.pubmykey
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|fingerprint|70:6a:75:32:4e:42:ba:2b:fb:eb:20:af:75:b1:db:61|
|name|mykey|
|user_id|7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae|
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+


c.验证公钥的添加:

#openstackkeypairlist
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
|Name|Fingerprint|
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
|mykey|70:6a:75:32:4e:42:ba:2b:fb:eb:20:af:75:b1:db:61|
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+


9.增加安全组规则

默认下,default安全组适用于所有实例并且包括拒绝远程访问实例的防火墙规则。


添加规则到 default 安全组:

允许 ICMP (ping):

#openstacksecuritygrouprulecreate--protoicmpdefault
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:40:47Z|
|description||
|direction|ingress|
|ether_type|IPv4|
|id|0c62d604-a68f-40cd-821d-90259f75f536|
|name|None|
|port_range_max|None|
|port_range_min|None|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|protocol|icmp|
|remote_group_id|None|
|remote_ip_prefix|0.0.0.0/0|
|revision_number|1|
|security_group_id|74f50594-4ce0-4c29-a987-d33d4d6a5db9|
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:40:47Z|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+


允许安全 shell (SSH) 的访问:

#openstacksecuritygrouprulecreate--prototcp--dst-port22default
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
|created_at|2017-03-29T12:41:48Z|
|description||
|direction|ingress|
|ether_type|IPv4|
|id|42f92c1f-abd7-4321-ac03-75eeb91152f9|
|name|None|
|port_range_max|22|
|port_range_min|22|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|protocol|tcp|
|remote_group_id|None|
|remote_ip_prefix|0.0.0.0/0|
|revision_number|1|
|security_group_id|74f50594-4ce0-4c29-a987-d33d4d6a5db9|
|updated_at|2017-03-29T12:41:48Z|
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+



10.创建实例


a.获取 demo 权限

#.demo-openrc


b.一个实例指定了虚拟机资源的大致分配,包括处理器、内存和存储。

列出可用类型:

#openstackflavorlist
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
|ID|Name|RAM|Disk|Ephemeral|Vcpus|IsPublic|
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
|0|m1.nano|64|1|0|1|True|
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

wKiom1jfmUCQQ2alAABD4gk7i0k321.png


c.列出可用镜像:

#openstackimagelist
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
|ID|Name|Status|
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
|4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898|cirros|active|
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

wKioL1jfmVqQ1ByiAAA5aHat69s049.png


d.列出可用网络

#openstacknetworklist
+---------------------+-------------+---------------------+
|ID|Name|Subnets|
+---------------------+-------------+---------------------+
|afd4f998-901d-42ca-|selfservice|1420f8c3-fa03-4ab3-|
|a002-b25f9b4c9e4e||9329-4455a52f357c|
|ff30780d-45af-45dc-|provider|4a1899dc-581c-4ada-|
|860f-59b1c091c2a2||8ebd-ad632f0ce1ee|
+---------------------+-------------+---------------------+

wKiom1jfmXPTSR1oAABR8RPFIbw883.png


e.列出可用的安全组

#openstacksecuritygrouplist
+---------------------+---------+------------------------+---------+
|ID|Name|Description|Project|
+---------------------+---------+------------------------+---------+
|74f50594-4ce0-4c29-|default|Defaultsecuritygroup||
|a987-d33d4d6a5db9||||
|aa0b59f9-abbc-4a8d-|default|Defaultsecuritygroup||
|a16c-b8f9898cb965||||
+---------------------+---------+------------------------+---------+


11.在公有网络上创建实例


b.启动实例

#openstackservercreate--flavorm1.nano--imagecirros\\
--nicnet-id=ff30780d-45af-45dc-860f-59b1c091c2a2\\
--security-groupdefault--key-namemykeyprovider-instance
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------------+
|OS-DCF:diskConfig|MANUAL|
|OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone||
|OS-EXT-STS:power_state|NOSTATE|
|OS-EXT-STS:task_state|scheduling|
|OS-EXT-STS:vm_state|building|
|OS-SRV-USG:launched_at|None|
|OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at|None|
|accessIPv4||
|accessIPv6||
|addresses||
|adminPass|FQeiCB8XbXk8|
|config_drive||
|created|2017-03-30T06:04:41Z|
|flavor|m1.nano(0)|
|hostId||
|id|cb37563d-88fc-4b80-ad1a-380fc881db59|
|image|cirros|
||(b78aacf2-5448-4521-8e23-0f8db63d776a)|
|key_name|mykey|
|name|provider-instance|
|progress|0|
|project_id|2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0|
|properties||
|security_groups|name='default'|
|status|BUILD|
|updated|2017-03-30T06:04:41Z|
|user_id|7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae|
|volumes_attached||
+-----------------------------+---------------------------------------+


c.检查实例的状态

#openstackserverlist
+-----------------+-----------+--------+--------------+------------+
|ID|Name|Status|Networks|ImageName|
+-----------------+-----------+--------+--------------+------------+
|cb37563d-88fc-|provider-|ACTIVE|provider=192|cirros|
|4b80-ad1a-|instance||.168.200.108||
|380fc881db59|||||
+-----------------+-----------+--------+--------------+------------+

wKioL1jfmajAduWBAABuC3QDNk4161.png

注:当构建过程完全成功后,状态会从 BUILD 变为 ACTIVE

12.使用虚拟控制台、远程访问访问实例


a.获取实例的 VNC 会话URL并使用web浏览器访问

#openstackconsoleurlshowprovider-instance
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Field|Value|
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
|type|novnc|
|url|http://192.168.30.145:6080/vnc_auto.html?token=cb|
||37563d-88fc-4b80-ad1a-380fc881db59|
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+


b.验证能否ping通私有网络的网关和互联网


c.验证控制节点或者其他公有网络上的主机能否ping通实例


d.在控制节点或其他公有网络上的主机使用 SSH 远程访问实例


13.在私有网络上创建实例


b.启动实例

#openstackservercreate--flavorm1.nano--imagecirros\\
--nicnet-id=afd4f998-901d-42ca-a002-b25f9b4c9e4e\\
--security-groupdefault--key-namemykeyselfservice-instance

c.检查实例的状态

#openstackserverlist


d.获取实例的 VNC 会话URL并使用web浏览器访问

#openstackconsoleurlshowselfservice-instance


e.验证能否ping通私有网络的网关和互联网


14.验证能否远程访问实例

a.在公有网络上创建浮动IP地址池

#openstackipfloatingcreateprovider


b.为实例分配浮动IP

#openstackipfloatingaddselfservice-instance


c.检查这个浮动 IP 地址的状态

#openstackserverlist


d.验证控制节点或其他公有网络上的主机通过浮动IP地址ping通实例


e.在控制节点或其他公有网络上的主机使用 SSH 远程访问实


注:由于实验所用环境被收回,本人电脑又渣,所以并未进行实例验证

原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/ubuntu/353684.html

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