我喜欢以有效的方式用相应的替换字符替换字符串的某组字符.
例如：
String sourceCharacters = "šđćčŠĐĆČžŽ";
String targetCharacters = "sdccSDCCzZ";
String result = replaceChars("Gračišće",sourceCharacters,targetCharacters );
Assert.equals(result,"Gracisce") == true;
有没有比使用String类的replaceAll方法更有效的方法？
我的第一个想法是：
final String s = "Gračišće"; String sourceCharacters = "šđćčŠĐĆČžŽ"; String targetCharacters = "sdccSDCCzZ"; // preparation final char[] sourceString = s.tocharArray(); final char result[] = new char[sourceString.length]; final char[] targetCharactersArray = targetCharacters.tocharArray(); // main work for(int i=0,l=sourceString.length;i<l;++i) { final int pos = sourceCharacters.indexOf(sourceString[i]); result[i] = pos!=-1 ? targetCharactersArray[pos] : sourceString[i]; } // result String resultString = new String(result);
有任何想法吗？
顺便说一句,UTF-8字符引起麻烦,US_ASCII可以正常工作.
解决方法
您可以使用
java.text.Normalizer和正则表达式来摆脱
diacritics,其中存在的远远超过您收集的数量.
这是一个SSCCE,在Java 6上复制’n’paste’n’run它：
package com.stackoverflow.q2653739;
import java.text.Normalizer;
import java.text.Normalizer.Form;
public class Test {
public static void main(String... args) {
System.out.println(removeDiacriticalMarks("Gračišće"));
}
public static String removeDiacriticalMarks(String string) {
return Normalizer.normalize(string,Form.NFD)
.replaceAll("\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}+","");
}
}
这应该产生
Gracisce
至少,它在Eclipse中将控制台字符编码设置为UTF-8(Window> Preferences> General> Workspace> Text File Encoding).确保在您的环境中也设置了相同的设置.
作为替代方案,维护一个Map< Character,Character>：
Map<Character,Character> charReplacementMap = new HashMap<Character,Character>();
charReplacementMap.put('š','s');
charReplacementMap.put('đ','d');
// Put more here.
String originalString = "Gračišće";
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (char currentChar : originalString.tocharArray()) {
Character replacementChar = charReplacementMap.get(currentChar);
builder.append(replacementChar != null ? replacementChar : currentChar);
}
String newString = builder.toString();
