我继承了一些尝试设置属性的代码:
object target = ... // some instance on which we want to set a property object value = ... // some value - in this case,a string var propertyInfo = ... // some property of target - in this case,not a string try { propertyInfo.SetValue(obj,value,null); } catch (ArgumentException) { // We go off and look for our own way of converting between // the type of value and the type of the property. }
在当前使用中,异常被捕获并抛出很多,所以我想首先进行检查:
if (propertyInfo.PropertyType.IsAssignableFrom(value.GetType()) { // Try/catch as above } else { // Do the manual conversion as if the exception had been thrown. }
这运行得更快.但是,我唯一担心的是,IsAssignableFrom可能会为某些类型返回false,而SetValue实际上会成功. (这会导致我们在不需要时查找手动转换,并且可能无法完全设置值.)
SetValue的规范说
value cannot be converted to the type of PropertyType
这与可分配性不完全相同.
(如果在SetValue失败的情况下IsAssignableFrom返回true,那很好 – 手动转换仍然会发生.)
有人可以向我确认这是否可行?
解决方法
正如您所怀疑的那样,short类型的值可以通过反射分配给int类型的属性,尽管typeof(int).IsAssignableFrom(typeof(short))返回false.
查看ArgumentException的stacktrace:
at System.RuntimeType.TryChangeType(Object value,Binder binder,CultureInfo culture,Boolean needsSpecialCast) at System.RuntimeType.CheckValue(Object value,BindingFlags invokeAttr) at System.Reflection.MethodBase.CheckArguments(Object[] parameters,BindingFlags invokeAttr,Signature sig) at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.InvokeArgumentsCheck(Object obj,Object[] parameters,CultureInfo culture) at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj,CultureInfo culture) at System.Reflection.RuntimePropertyInfo.SetValue(Object obj,Object value,Object[] index,Object[] index) at System.Reflection.PropertyInfo.SetValue(Object obj,Object value) at ConsoleApplication3.Program.Main(String[] args) in ...
RuntimeType.TryChangeType中抛出异常.查看mscorlib中的源代码:
// System.RuntimeType [SecurityCritical] private object TryChangeType(object value,bool needsSpecialCast) { ... if (this.IsInstanceOfType(value)) { return value; } ... if (RuntimeType.CanValueSpecialCast(valueType,this)) { ... } throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture,Environment.GetResourceString("Arg_ObjObjEx"),value.GetType(),this)); }
不幸的是,有很多内部函数被调用来确定是否应该抛出ArgumentException.我怀疑原语的转换是在这个函数周围处理的:
// System.RuntimeType [SecurityCritical] [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)] private static extern bool CanValueSpecialCast(RuntimeType valueType,RuntimeType targetType);
System.RuntimeType.CheckValue(object,Binder,CultureInfo,BindingFlags)中也有一些有趣的代码:
bool flag = base.IsPointer || this.IsEnum || base.IsPrimitive; if (flag) { ... if (RuntimeType.CanValueSpecialCast(valueType,this)) { ... } }
所以它看起来像指针,枚举和原始类型以不同的方式处理.我不鼓励你试着复制那个逻辑.使用IsAssignableFrom可能更容易,并分别处理整数类型.处理指针,枚举和原始类型参数看起来非常复杂,我会回避尝试捕获那里.但是,如果发生参数错误,则可以缓存,因此对具有相同参数类型的同一方法的后续调用可能会更快一些.