@H_403_0@
创建项目
VS2013+cocos2dx 3.2创建win32项目，由于只是学习，所以没有编译为安卓、ios或者WP平台的可执行文件。
最终的项目工程结构如下：
很简单，只有三个类，预加载类，游戏主场景类，应用代理类，新手刚入门喜欢将很多东西都写在尽量少的类里面。
游戏设计
游戏结构如下，游戏包含预加载场景和主场景，主场景中包含背景、小鸟、管道和各种UI界面。开发步骤
1，素材收集
2，预加载场景
//添加加载回调函数，用异步加载纹理 Director::getInstance()->getTextureCache()->addImageAsync("game.png",CC_CALLBACK_1(LoadingScene::loadingCallBack,this));
void LoadingScene::loadingCallBack(Texture2D *texture)
{
//预加载帧缓存纹理
SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->addSpriteFramesWithFile("game.plist",texture);
//预加载帧动画
auto birdAnimation = Animation::create();
birdAnimation->setDelayPerUnit(0.2f);
birdAnimation->addSpriteFrame(SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bird1.png"));
birdAnimation->addSpriteFrame(SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bird2.png"));
birdAnimation->addSpriteFrame(SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bird3.png"));
AnimationCache::getInstance()->addAnimation(birdAnimation,"birdAnimation"); //将小鸟动画添加到动画缓存
//预加载音效
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("die.mp3");
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("hit.mp3");
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("point.mp3");
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("swooshing.mp3");
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("wing.mp3");
//加载完毕跳转到游戏场景
auto gameScene = GameScene::createScene();
TransitionScene *transition = TransitionFade::create(0.5f,gameScene);
Director::getInstance()->replaceScene(transition);
}
3，游戏主场景
3.1，背景和logo
用图片精灵即可
//添加游戏背景 Sprite *backGround = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("bg.png"); backGround->setPosition(visibleOrigin.x + visibleSize.width / 2,visibleOrigin.y + visibleSize.height / 2); this->addChild(backGround); //logo auto gamelogo = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("bird_logo.png"); gamelogo->setPosition(visibleOrigin.x + visibleSize.width / 2,visibleOrigin.y + visibleSize.height / 2+100); gamelogo->setName("logo"); this->addChild(gamelogo);logo在游戏开始后要隐藏掉。
3.2，小鸟
3.3，地板
//小鸟
birdSprite = Sprite::create();
birdSprite->setPosition(visibleOrigin.x + visibleSize.width / 3,visibleOrigin.y + visibleSize.height / 2);
this->addChild(birdSprite);
auto birdAnim = Animate::create(AnimationCache::getInstance()->animationByName("birdAnimation"));
birdSprite->runAction(RepeatForever::create(birdAnim)); //挥翅动画
auto up = MoveBy::create(0.4f,Point(0,8));
auto upBack = up->reverse();
if (gameStatus == GAME_READY)
{
swingAction = RepeatForever::create(Sequence::create(up,upBack,NULL));
birdSprite->runAction(swingAction); //上下晃动动画
}在准备界面下除了有扇翅膀的动作，还有上下浮动的动作。
3.3，地板
//添加两个land land1 = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("land.png"); land1->setAnchorPoint(Point::ZERO); land1->setPosition(Point::ZERO); this->addChild(land1,10); //置于最顶层 land2 = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("land.png"); land2->setAnchorPoint(Point::ZERO); land2->setPosition(Point::ZERO); this->addChild(land2,10);
Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize(); //两个图片循环移动 land1->setPositionX(land1->getPositionX() - 1.0f); land2->setPositionX(land1->getPositionX() + land1->getContentSize().width - 2.0f); if (land2->getPositionX() <= 0) land1->setPosition(Point::ZERO);3.4，水管
一组水管由上下2半根组成，用Node包起来，弄个vector容器添加两组管道，每次出现在屏幕中的管子只有两组，当一组消失在屏幕范围内则重设置其横坐标，需要提前计算好各种间距或者高度。
//同屏幕出现的只有两根管子，放到容器里面，上下绑定为一根
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
auto visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();
Sprite *pipeUp = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("pipe_up.png");
Sprite *pipeDown = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("pipe_down.png");
Node *singlePipe = Node::create();
//给上管绑定刚体
auto pipeUpBody = PhysicsBody::createBox(pipeUp->getContentSize());
pipeUpBody->setDynamic(false);
pipeUpBody->setContactTestBitmask(1);
pipeUp->setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE);
pipeUp->setPhysicsBody(pipeUpBody);
//给两个管子分开设置刚体，可以留出中间的空隙使得小鸟通过
//给下管绑定刚体
auto pipeDownBody = PhysicsBody::createBox(pipeDown->getContentSize());
pipeDownBody->setDynamic(false);
pipeDownBody->setContactTestBitmask(1);
pipeDown->setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE);
pipeDown->setPhysicsBody(pipeDownBody);
pipeUp->setPosition(0,PIPE_HEIGHT + PIPE_SPACE);
singlePipe->addChild(pipeUp);
singlePipe->addChild(pipeDown); //pipeDown默认加到（0,0），上下合并，此时singlePipe以下面的管子中心为锚点
singlePipe->setPosition(i*PIPE_INTERVAL + WAIT_DISTANCE,getRandomHeight() ); //设置初始高度
singlePipe->setName("newPipe");
this->addChild(singlePipe); //把两个管子都加入到层
pipes.pushBack(singlePipe); //两个管子先后添加到容器
}
//管子滚动
for (auto &singlePipe : pipes)
{
singlePipe->setPositionX(singlePipe->getPositionX() - 1.0f);
if (singlePipe->getPositionX() < -PIPE_WIDTH/2)
{
singlePipe->setPositionX(visibleSize.width+PIPE_WIDTH/2);
singlePipe->setPositionY(getRandomHeight());
singlePipe->setName("newPipe"); //每次重设一根管子，标为new
}
}3.5，加入物理世界
物理世界初始化
gameScene->getPhysicsWorld()->setGravity(Vec2(0,-900)); //设置重力场,重力加速度可以根据手感改小点
gameLayer->setPhysicWorld(gameScene->getPhysicsWorld()); //绑定物理世界小鸟绑定刚体
//小鸟绑定刚体 auto birdBody = PhysicsBody::createCircle(BIRD_RADIUS); //将小鸟当成一个圆，懒得弄精确的轮廓线了 birdBody->setDynamic(true); //设置为可以被物理场所作用而动作 birdBody->setContactTestBitmask(1); //必须设置这项为1才能检测到不同的物体碰撞 birdBody->setGravityEnable(false); //设置是否被重力影响,准备画面中不受重力影响 birdSprite->setPhysicsBody(birdBody); //为小鸟设置刚体地板绑定刚体
//设置地板刚体 Node *groundNode = Node::create(); auto groundBody = PhysicsBody::createBox(Size(visibleSize.width,land1->getContentSize().height)); groundBody->setDynamic(false); groundBody->setContactTestBitmask(1); groundNode->setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE); //物理引擎中的刚体只允许结点锚点设置为中心 groundNode->setPhysicsBody(groundBody); groundNode->setPosition(visibleOrigin.x+visibleSize.width/2,land1->getContentSize().height/2); this->addChild(groundNode);管道设置刚体，上下半根分别设置，留出中间的缝隙
//给上管绑定刚体 auto pipeUpBody = PhysicsBody::createBox(pipeUp->getContentSize()); pipeUpBody->setDynamic(false); pipeUpBody->setContactTestBitmask(1); pipeUp->setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE); pipeUp->setPhysicsBody(pipeUpBody); //给两个管子分开设置刚体，可以留出中间的空隙使得小鸟通过 //给下管绑定刚体 auto pipeDownBody = PhysicsBody::createBox(pipeDown->getContentSize()); pipeDownBody->setDynamic(false); pipeDownBody->setContactTestBitmask(1); pipeDown->setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE); pipeDown->setPhysicsBody(pipeDownBody);碰撞检测
现在层的init里面的事件分发器中加入碰撞侦听
//添加碰撞监测 auto contactListener = EventListenerPhysicsContact::create(); contactListener->onContactBegin = CC_CALLBACK_1(GameScene::onContactBegin,this); _eventDispatcher->addEventListenerWithSceneGraPHPriority(contactListener,this);
//碰撞监测
bool GameScene::onContactBegin(const PhysicsContact& contact)
{
if (gameStatus == GAME_OVER) //当游戏结束后不再监控碰撞
return false;
gameOver();
return true;
}3.6，触摸检测
//触摸监听 bool GameScene::onTouchBegan(Touch *touch,Event *event)3.7，控制小鸟
由准备模式变到游戏开始模式后，触摸屏幕会给小鸟一个向上的速度，写在触摸检测里面
birdSprite->getPhysicsBody()->setVelocity(Vec2(0,250)); //给一个向上的初速度
小鸟的旋转角度与纵向速度有关，写在update（）里
//小鸟的旋转 auto curVelocity = birdSprite->getPhysicsBody()->getVelocity(); birdSprite->setRotation(-curVelocity.y*0.1 - 20); //根据竖直方向的速度算出旋转角度，逆时针为负
开始后启动各种定时器
//游戏开始
void GameScene::gameStart()
{
gameStatus = GAME_START;
score = 0;//重置分数
scoreLabel->setString(String::createWithFormat("%d",score)->getCString());
this->getChildByName("logo")->setVisible(false); //logo消失
scoreLabel->setVisible(true); //计分开始
this->scheduleUpdate();//启动默认更新
this->schedule(schedule_selector(GameScene::scrollLand),0.01f); //启动管子和地板滚动
birdSprite->stopAction(swingAction); //游戏开始后停止上下浮动
birdSprite->getPhysicsBody()->setGravityEnable(true); //开始受重力作用
}3.9，计分和数据存储
在默认的update（）函数里对得分进行判断和更新，通过默认xml存储历史分数
//当游戏开始时，判断得分，这个其实也可以写在其他地方，比如管子滚动的更新函数里面或者触摸监测里面 if (gameStatus == GAME_START) { for (auto &pipe : pipes) { if (pipe->getName() == "newPipe") //新来一根管子就判断 { if (pipe->getPositionX() < birdSprite->getPositionX()) { score++; scoreLabel->setString(String::createWithFormat("%d",score)->getCString()); SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect("point.mp3"); pipe->setName("passed"); //标记已经过掉的管子 } } } }4.0，游戏结束
//游戏结束
void GameScene::gameOver()
{
gameStatus = GAME_OVER;
//获取历史数据
bestscore = UserDefault::getInstance()->getIntegerForKey("BEST");
if (score > bestscore)
{
bestscore = score; //更新最好分数
UserDefault::getInstance()->setIntegerForKey("BEST",bestscore);
}
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect("hit.mp3");
//游戏结束后停止地板和管道的滚动
this->unschedule(schedule_selector(GameScene::scrollLand));
}结束后比较当前分数和历史分数，以便更新。
4.1，音频
SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect("hit.mp3");4.2，记分板
游戏结束后滑入记分板，并显示重玩按钮。
//加入记分板和重玩菜单 void GameScene::gamePanelAppear() { Size size = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize(); Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin(); //用node将gameoverlogo和记分板绑在一起 Node *gameOverPanelNode = Node::create(); auto gameOverLabel = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("gameover.png"); gameOverPanelNode->addChild(gameOverLabel); auto panel = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName("board.PNG");//注意这里是大写PNG，原图片用什么后缀这里就用什么，区分大小写 gameOverLabel->setPositionY(panel->getContentSize().height); //设置一下坐标 gameOverPanelNode->addChild(panel); //记分板上添加两个分数 auto curscoreTTF = LabelTTF::create(String::createWithFormat("%d",score)->getCString(),"Arial",20); curscoreTTF->setPosition(panel->getContentSize().width-40,panel->getContentSize().height-45); curscoreTTF->setColor(Color3B(255,0)); panel->addChild(curscoreTTF); auto bestscoreTTF = LabelTTF::create(String::createWithFormat("%d",bestscore)->getCString(),20); bestscoreTTF->setPosition(panel->getContentSize().width - 40,panel->getContentSize().height - 90); bestscoreTTF->setColor(Color3B(0,255,0)); panel->addChild(bestscoreTTF); this->addChild(gameOverPanelNode); gameOverPanelNode->setPosition(origin.x + size.width / 2,origin.y + size.height ); //滑入动画 gameOverPanelNode->runAction(MoveTo::create(0.5f,Vec2(origin.x + size.width / 2,origin.y + size.height / 2))); SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect("swooshing.mp3"); //添加菜单 MenuItemImage *restartItem = MenuItemImage::create("start_btn.png","start_btn_pressed.png",this,menu_selector(GameScene::gameRetart)); auto menu = CCMenu::createWithItem(restartItem); menu->setPosition(origin.x + size.width / 2,150); this->addChild(menu); } //游戏重新开始 void GameScene::gameRetart(Ref *sender) { //重新回到初始画面 auto gameScene = GameScene::createScene(); Director::getInstance()->replaceScene(gameScene); //这里懒得加特效了，直接转场 }
效果图：
csdn下载：
MyFlappyBird
原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/cocos2dx/346647.html