CentOS静默安装Oracle数据库

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1、安装RPM包

# yum installbinutils\

compat-libstdc++-33\

elfutils-libelf\

elfutils-libelf-devel\

expat\

gcc\

gcc-c++\

glibc\

glibc-common\

glibc-devel\

glibc-headers\

libaio\

libaio-devel\

libgcc\

libstdc++\

libstdc++-devel\

make\

pdksh\

sysstat\

unixODBC\

unixODBC-devel

备注:部分机器 估计 libaio的32和64包都需要,没有还不行。

2、固定IP地址,hostname,hosts记录

[root@localhost ~]

# vim /etc/sysconfig/network

hostname=oracle11g.example.com

[root@oracle11g ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=none

HWADDR=00:0C:29:1E:68:68

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=192.168.1.16

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

[root@oracle11g ~]

# ifconfig eth0 | head -n 2

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:9F:DF:4A

inet addr:192.168.1.16 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

[root@oracle11g ~]

# grep -v '^#' /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.1.16 oracle11g.example.com

3、设置系统的操作资源

[root@oracle11g ~]

#vim /etc/sysctl.conf 添加文件底端

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576

net.core.rmem_max = 1048576

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

[root@oracle11g ~]

#sysctl -p

shell限制

[root@oracle11g ~]

# grep -v '^#' /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

[root@oracle11g ~]

# grep 'limit' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

session required pam_limits.so

4、设置oracle用户

建议指定GID和UID方式(尤其集群环境)

[root@oracle11g ~]

# groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

[root@oracle11g ~]

# groupadd -g 1001 dba

[root@oracle11g ~]

# useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@oracle11g ~]

# passwd oracle

建立oracle软件安装文件目录

[root@oracle11g ~]

# mkdir -p /u01/oracle

[root@oracle11g ~]

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/

设置oracle环境变量

[root@oracle11g ~]

vi ~oracle/.bash_profile

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=oracle11g

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

加载配置

oracle用户注销重新登录 或 #

#su - oracle

#source .bash_profile

5、解压安装文件

#unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /mnt

#unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /mnt

6、修改配置文件

[root@oracle11g ~]# grep -v '^#' /mnt/database/response/db_install.rsp (参考 静默安装----配置文件 说明)

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle11g.example.com

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW (选择要支持的语言)

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 (根据生产环境中的需要,进行修改字符集)

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true (要家上,要不然会报错 【server】

email address 错误

7、静默安装数据库

[root@oracle11g ~]#cd /mnt/database/response

[root@oracle11g response]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall /mnt/database/response/db_install.rsp

[root@oracle11g response]$chmod 700 db_install.rsp

#su - oracle

#cd /mnt/database/

$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /mnt/database/response/db_install.rsp (注意要写绝对路径)

如报 ins-13014 错误 不需要理会 报 ins-07001 配置文件中的有些文件找不到,对安装没有

多大影响

(日志文件 看安装进度 )

#tail -100f /u01/oracle/logs/installActions2013-06-10_04-01-32PM.log

带出现以下内容,说明安装成功

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run

/u01/oracle/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

注意:必须用root用户跑一下脚本

#/u01/oracle/orainstRoot.sh

#/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

[root@oracle11g 11.2.0]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ ps aux |grep ora_

oracle 18649 0.0 0.0 61188 744 pts/2 S+ 16:31 0:00 grep ora_ (说明没有数据库) 只安装了实例

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ sql

sqlite3 sqlldr sqlldrO sqlplus

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba (出现错误,但实例已安装完成)

sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

关闭防火墙与sensetforce )

[root@oracle11g ~]# iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

[root@oracle11g ~]# getenforce

Enforcing

[root@oracle11g ~]# setenforce 0

[root@oracle11g ~]# getenforce

Permissive

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jun 10 16:40:29 2013

Copyright (c) 1982,2009,Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

sql>

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