$cat cyc.c 
#include<stdio.h>

static __inline__ unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
{
  unsigned long long int x;
     __asm__ volatile (".byte 0x0f,0x31" : "=A" (x));
     return x;
}

int main() {
    unsigned long long cycles = rdtsc(); //1
    cycles = rdtsc() - cycles;           //2
    printf("Time is %d\n",(unsigned)cycles);
    return 0;
}

$gcc cyc.c -o cyc
$./cyc
Time is 73
$./cyc
Time is 74
$./cyc
Time is 63
$./cyc
Time is 73
$

解决方法@H_301_8@

该函数执行x86指令RTDSC,它的操作码为0x0f,0x31.处理器内部跟踪时钟周期,并读取该数字.

当然,这只适用于x86 procs,其他处理器将需要不同的指令.

The Time Stamp Counter is a 64-bit register present on all x86 processors since the Pentium. It counts the number of ticks since reset. Instruction RDTSC returns the TSC in EDX:EAX. Its opcode is 0F 31.[1] Pentium competitors such as the Cyrix 6×86 did not always have a TSC and may consider RDTSC an illegal instruction. Cyrix included a Time Stamp Counter in their MII.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Stamp_Counter