1 查看Linux发行版本

[root@typecodes~]#cat/etc/redhat-release
CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(Core)

2 下载MysqL官方的Yum Repository

根据Linux发行版本（CentOS、Fedora都属于红帽系），从MysqL官方（http://dev.MysqL.com/downloads/repo/yum/）获取Yum Repository。

[root@typecodes~]#wget-ihttp://dev.MysqL.com/get/MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
--2016-02-0318:36:02--http://dev.MysqL.com/get/MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Resolvingdev.MysqL.com(dev.MysqL.com)...137.254.60.11
Connectingtodev.MysqL.com(dev.MysqL.com)|137.254.60.11|:80...connected.
HTTPrequestsent,awaitingresponse...302Found
Location:http://repo.MysqL.com//MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm[following]
--2016-02-0318:36:04--http://repo.MysqL.com//MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Resolvingrepo.MysqL.com(repo.MysqL.com)...104.102.164.25
Connectingtorepo.MysqL.com(repo.MysqL.com)|104.102.164.25|:80...connected.
HTTPrequestsent,awaitingresponse...200OK
Length:8984(8.8K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Savingto:‘MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’

100%[=============================================================================================================================>]8,984--.-K/sin0s

2016-02-0318:36:07(68.4MB/s)-‘MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’saved[8984/8984]

3 安装MysqL的Yum Repository

安装完MysqL的Yum Repository，每次执行yum update都会检查MysqL是否更新。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallMysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Loadedplugins:axelget,fastestmirror,langpacks
ExaminingMysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm:MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch
MarkingMysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpmtobeinstalled
ResolvingDependencies
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->PackageMysqL57-community-release.noarch0:el7-7willbeinstalled
-->FinishedDependencyResolution

DependenciesResolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
MysqL57-community-releasenoarchel7-7/MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch7.8k

TransactionSummary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install1Package

Totalsize:7.8k
Installedsize:7.8k
Downloadingpackages:
Runningtransactioncheck
Runningtransactiontest
Transactiontestsucceeded
Runningtransaction
Installing:MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch1/1
Verifying:MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch1/1

Installed:
MysqL57-community-release.noarch0:el7-7

Complete!

3 安装MysqL数据库的服务器版本

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallMysqL-community-server
Loadedplugins:axelget,langpacks
NoMetadataavailableforbase
NoMetadataavailableforepel
NoMetadataavailableforextras
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updateMysqL-connectors-communityMetadatasuccessfully
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updateMysqL-tools-communityMetadatasuccessfully
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updateMysqL57-communityMetadatasuccessfully
NoMetadataavailableforupdates
MysqL-connectors-community|2.5kB00:00:00
MysqL-tools-community|2.5kB00:00:00
MysqL57-community|2.5kB00:00:00
(1/3):MysqL-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db|24kB00:00:01
(2/3):MysqL57-community/x86_64/primary_db|28kB00:00:01
(3/3):MysqL-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db|8.6kB00:00:02
Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile
*base:mirrors.aliyun.com
*epel:mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
*extras:mirrors.163.com
*updates:mirrors.163.com
ResolvingDependencies
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->PackageMysqL-community-server.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:MysqL-community-common(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:MysqL-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:MysqL-community-client(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:MysqL-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->PackageMysqL-community-client.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:MysqL-community-libs(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:MysqL-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
--->PackageMysqL-community-common.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centoswillbeobsoleted
-->ProcessingDependency:libMysqLclient.so.18()(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:libMysqLclient.so.18(libMysqLclient_18)(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--->PackageMysqL-community-libs.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->PackageMysqL-community-libs-compat.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->FinishedDependencyResolution

DependenciesResolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
MysqL-community-libsx86_645.7.10-1.el7MysqL57-community2.2M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
MysqL-community-libs-compatx86_645.7.10-1.el7MysqL57-community2.0M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
MysqL-community-serverx86_645.7.10-1.el7MysqL57-community142M
Installingfordependencies:
MysqL-community-clientx86_645.7.10-1.el7MysqL57-community24M
MysqL-community-commonx86_645.7.10-1.el7MysqL57-community269k

TransactionSummary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install3Packages(+2Dependentpackages)

Totaldownloadsize:171M
Downloadingpackages:
MysqL-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|142MB00:03:42
MysqL-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|2.0MB00:00:03
MysqL-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|2.2MB00:00:05
MysqL-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|24MB00:00:41
warning:/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/MysqL57-community/packages/MysqL-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA/SHA1Signature,keyID5072e1f5:NOKEY00ETA
PublickeyforMysqL-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpmisnotinstalled
MysqL-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|269kB00:00:01
Retrievingkeyfromfile:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MysqL
ImportingGPGkey0x5072E1F5:
Userid:"MysqLReleaseEngineering<MysqL-build@oss.oracle.com>"
Fingerprint:a4a9406876fcbd3c456770c88c718d3b5072e1f5
Package:MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch(@/MysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch)
From:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MysqL
Runningtransactioncheck
Runningtransactiontest
Transactiontestsucceeded
Runningtransaction
Installing:MysqL-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_641/6
Installing:MysqL-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_642/6
Installing:MysqL-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_643/6
Installing:MysqL-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_644/6
Installing:MysqL-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_645/6
Erasing:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_646/6
Verifying:MysqL-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_641/6
Verifying:MysqL-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_642/6
Verifying:MysqL-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_643/6
Verifying:MysqL-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_644/6
Verifying:MysqL-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_645/6
Verifying:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_646/6

Installed:
MysqL-community-libs.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7MysqL-community-libs-compat.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7MysqL-community-server.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7

DependencyInstalled:
MysqL-community-client.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7MysqL-community-common.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7

Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos

Complete!
[root@typecodes~]#clear

最后的截图：

4 启动数据库：

[root@typecodes~]#systemctlstartMysqLd.service

然后使用命令systemctl status MysqLd.service查看MysqL数据库启动后的服务状态：

5 获取初始密码

使用YUM安装并启动MysqL服务后，MysqL进程会自动在进程日志中打印root用户的初始密码：

#######从MysqL进程日志中获取root用户的初始密码：ra%yk7urCBIh
[root@typecodes~]#grep"password"/var/log/MysqLd.log
2016-02-03T10:42:17.272166Z1[Note]Atemporarypasswordisgeneratedforroot@localhost:ra%yk7urCBIh
2016-02-03T10:42:36.776875Z2[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:42:52.063138Z3[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:42:57.564373Z4[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:43:01.477007Z5[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:46:03.642008Z6[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:46:11.217889Z7[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:47:44.755199Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'validate_password'
2016-02-03T10:47:46.505844Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'sha256_password'
2016-02-03T10:47:46.505851Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'MysqL_native_password'

6 修改root用户密码

使用小节5中获取的root用户的初始密码，然后进行修改：

[root@typecodes~]#MysqL-uroot-p
Enterpassword:#######输入默认的root密码后回车
WelcometotheMysqLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.
YourMysqLconnectionidis2
Serverversion:5.7.10

Copyright(c)2000,2015,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits
affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective
owners.

Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.

MysqL>ALTERUSER'root'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'newpassword';
QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)

MysqL>exit
Bye

7 安装完毕

至此，使用在CentOS7中使用YUM方法安装MysqL5.7.10数据库完毕。如下所示，可以使用新的root密码登陆MysqL了。

[root@typecodes~]#MysqL-uroot-ppassword
MysqL:[Warning]Usingapasswordonthecommandlineinterfacecanbeinsecure.
WelcometotheMysqLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.
YourMysqLconnectionidis3
Serverversion:5.7.10MysqLCommunityServer(GPL)

Copyright(c)2000,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits
affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective
owners.

Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.

MysqL>useMysqL;
Readingtableinformationforcompletionoftableandcolumnnames
Youcanturnoffthisfeaturetogetaquickerstartupwith-A

Databasechanged
MysqL>showdatabases;
+--------------------+
|Database|
+--------------------+
|information_schema|
|MysqL|
|performance_schema|
|sys|
+--------------------+
4rowsinset(0.00sec)

MysqL>clear
MysqL>exit
Bye
[root@typecodes~]#clear

附录1：查看MysqL数据库的配置信息

MysqL的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安装信息可以通过MysqL_config命令查看。其中，动态库文件存放在/usr/lib64/MysqL目录下。

附录2：对于C/C++等开发者

由于需要用到类似MysqL.h等头文件，需要执行下面的命令安装MysqL开发版本即可。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallMysqL-community-devel

附录3：删除MysqL的Repository

因为小节3中安装了MysqL的Yum Repository，所以以后每次执行yum操作时，都会去检查更新。如果想要去掉这种自动检查操作的话，可以使用如下命令卸载MysqL的Repository即可。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yremoveMysqL57-community-release-el7-7.noarch

update 2017.04.10 11:10

使用上面的yum方法也可以安装目前MysqL官网上最新的版本MysqL5.7.18。只要替换小节2中rmp包的版本即可，后续操作步骤不变。

wget-i-chttp://dev.MysqL.com/get/MysqL57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm