Angular 4/2 Http get() Parameters + Headers + URLSearchParams + RequestOptions Exam

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https://www.concretepage.com/angular-2/angular-2-http-get-parameters-headers-urlsearchparams-requestoptions-example


By Arvind Rai, May 19,2017
This page will walk through Angular 2 Http get() parameters + Headers + URLSearchParams + RequestOptions example. Angular Headers class is used to create headers. Angular URLSearchParams class is used to create URL parameters. Angular RequestOptions instantiates itself using instances of , and other request options such as url,method,search,body,withCredentials,responseType. These classes are imported from @angular/http API. Finally Http.get() uses instance of to interact with the server. Though is optional to use with to send headers and parameters using angular in-memory web API. Find the code snippet from our example. 
getBookById(bookId: string): Observable<Book[]> {
    let myHeaders = new Headers();
    myHeaders.append('Content-Type', 'application/json');    
    let myParams URLSearchParams();
    myParams'id' bookId);	
    let options RequestOptions({ headers: myHeaders params: myParams });
    return this.http.get(this.url options)
	.map.extractData.catch.handleError);
}
Using set() or append() method of and
Contents

Technologies Used

Find the technologies being used in our example.
1. Angular 4.0.0
2. TypeScript 2.2.0
3. Node.js 6.10.1
4. Angular CLI 1.0.0
5. Angular Compiler CLI 4.0.0
6. angular-in-memory-web-api@0.3.2

Headers

is the angular class that is used to configure request headers. Find the sample instantiation.
let myHeaders ();
We can also pass headers as an argument while instantiating class. Find the code snippet.
({ : 'Cache-Control''no-cache' });
To fetch,add and delete headers,sans-serif; font-size:14px">class has following methods.
append(name: string,value: string) : Appends a header to existing list of header values for a given header name. We use as follows.
myHeaders'Accept''text/plain'); myHeaders' application/xhtml+xml ');
Now the Accept header will have the following values.
Accept: text/plain application/xhtml+xml
set(name: string,value: string|string[]) : Sets or overrides header value for given name. It is used as follows.
.set' application/xml 'header will have only the following value.
: application/xml
delete(name: string) : Deletes all header values for the given name. We use it as follows.
.deleteget(name: string) : string : Returns first header that matches given name. Find the code snippet.
let acceptHeader = myHeadersgetAll(name: string) : string[] : Returns list of header values for a given name.
let acceptHeaders .getAll );

If we want to add multiple headers,we can achieve it by method as follows.
); myHeaders);
If we want to add multiple headers by method,we can achieve it as follows.
);

URLSearchParams

creates the query string in the URL. It is a map-like representation of URL search parameters. Find its constructor Syntax.
constructor(rawParams?: string queryEncoder?: QueryEncoder)
Both arguments in the constructor are optional. Angular queryEncoder parameter is used to pass any custom QueryEncoder to encode key and value of the query string. By default encodes keys and values of parameter using JavaScript encodeURIComponent() method.
Now we can instantiate as given below.
let myParams Now we can fetch,add and delete parameters using following methods.
append(param: string,val: string) : void : Appends parameter value to existing list of parameter values for a given parameter name. It is used to add values in multi-value fields or arrays in query string. If we write the code as given below.
myParams'names''John'); myParams'David'Then query parameter names will be an array. The query string will look like as given below.
?names[]=John&namesDavid
Server side code such as PHP will get parameter value as an array.
set(param: string,val: string) : Sets or overrides parameter value for given parameter name. We can use as follows.
'Bob'The query string will be as follows.
=Bob
delete(param: string) : void : Deletes all parameter values for the given parameter name. Find the code snippet.
get(param: string) : string : In case of multi-value fields,it returns the first value for given parameter name. Find the code snippet.
let nameParam = myParamsgetAll(param: string) : string[] : Returns list of values for a given parameter name. Find the code snippet.
let namesParam .getAllIf we want to add multiple parameters,0)">'category' catg'writer' wtrIf we want to add multiple parameters by );

RequestOptionsArgs and RequestOptions

RequestOptionsArgs is an interface that is used to construct a . The fields of are url,params,headers,responseType.
is used to create request option. It is instantiated using . It contains all the fields of the interface. Now find the constructor of class.
({method headers body url search withCredentials responseType}?: RequestOptionsArgsIn our example we will use following fields.
headers : Sets headers for HTTP request. It is of class type.
params : Sets query parameters in the URL. It is of
Now if we have instance of (); myHeadersAnd instance of (); myParamsThen headers params can be passed to let options });

Http.get() with Multiple Headers and Multiple Parameters

Angular method performs a request with HTTP GET method. Find the arguments of method.
get(url) : Response>
url : This is the HTTP URL to hit the server using HTTP GET method.
RequestOptionsArgs : This is optional in method. This is used to create instance of to send headers,parameters etc with Now If we want to add multiple headers,we can do as follows.
(); myHeaders);
Find the code snippet for with multiple headers and multiple URL parameters.
getBooksAfterFilter(catg{ let myHeaders (); myHeaders); myHeaders); let myParams (); myParams); myParams); let options }); return this}

Angular In-Memory Web API

Angular provides in-memory web API to process HTTP request in test environment. In case we don't have actual server URL,we can use angular in-memory web API for testing our angular Http methods. It provides a dummy URL which can be changed by actual URL later. It returns an Observable of HTTP Response object in the manner of a RESTy web api. In our example we are using in-memory web API to get and post data. To use it in our angular application we need to follow below steps.
Step-1 : Add angular-in-memory-web-api in dependencies block in package.json file as given below.
"angular-in-memory-web-api""~0.3.2"
Step-2 : Run npm install command to download .
Step-3 : Create a class implementing InMemoryDbService interface. In our example we are creating an in-memory DB for books. Find our class for our in-memory DB.
book-data.ts
import { InMemoryDbService } from 'angular-in-memory-web-api'; export class BookData implements { createDb() { let books = [ { id'1' name'Angular 2 by Krishna' category'Angular' writer'Krishna' }, '2''AngularJS by Krishna''3''Angular 2 by Vishnu''Vishnu' '4''Core Java by Vishnu''Java''5''JSP & Servlet by Vishnu''6''JPA by Vishnu''7''Hibernate by Krishna''Hibernate'} ]; return {books}; } To interact with DB,URL will be api/books Step-4 : Before using DB we need to configure our above class in application module using imports Metadata of @NgModule InMemoryWebApiModule.forRoot(BookDataFind the application module.
InMemoryWebApiModule ; import BookData './book-data'; @NgModule({ --------- imports: [ BrowserModule HttpModule) ] --------- })
Find the link for more information on in-memory web API.


Complete Example

Find the complete example.
book.service.ts Injectable '@angular/core'Http RequestOptions '@angular/http'Observable 'rxjs'; import Book './book'@Injectable() export class BookService { url = "api/books"; constructor(private http:{ } getAllBooks(): { return this) ); } getBookById{ let myHeaders (); myHeaders); let myParams (); myParams); let options }); return this) } getBooksAfterFilter); let myParams ); myParams); let options } private extractData(res{ let body = res.json(); return body.data; } private handleError (errorResponse | any{ console.error.message || error); return .throwbook.component.ts ComponentOnInit NgForm '@angular/forms''./book.service'@Component({ selector'app-book' templateUrl'./book.component.html' styleUrls['./book.component.css'}) export class BookComponent implements { allBooks[]; book; filteredListOfBooks[]; errorMessageString; dataAvailableById= true; dataAvailableAfterFilter; categories [ {name } ]; writers [ 'Krishna' 'Vishnu'} ]; constructor(private bookServiceBookService} ngOnInit(): void { this.getAllBooks(); } getAllBooks.bookService() .subscribe( data => this.allBooks = data error => this.errorMessage <any>error); } getBookById.dataAvailableById; this.book = null; this.getBookById) => { if(data.length > 0{ this[]; } else { this= false; } <any>error ); } getBooksAfterFilter(category.dataAvailableAfterFilter.filteredListOfBooks .getBooksAfterFilter) { if} <any>error ); } bookById(bookByIdFormNgForm{ let bookId = bookByIdForm.controls'bookId'].value; this); } filterBooks{ let catg ; let wtr ; thisbook.component.html <h3>Book Details</h3> <table> <tr><th> Id</th> <th>Name</th><th>Category</th><th>Writer</th></tr> <tr *ngFor="let bk of allBooks" > <td>{{bk.id}}</td> <td>{{bk.name}}<td>{{bk.category}}<td>{{bk.writer}}</td> </tr> </table> <h3>Get Book by ID <div> <form #bookByIdForm= "ngForm" (ngSubmit)"bookById(bookByIdForm)"> <div> Enter Book Id: <input name"bookId" ngModel required #bookId"ngModel"</div> <div> <br/> <button [disabled]"bookByIdForm.invalid">Submit</button> </div> </form> </div> <br/> <div *ngIf"bookByIdForm.submitted""book; else loading"> <table> </th></tr> <tr> <td>{{book.id}}<td>{{book.name}}<td>{{book.category}}<td>{{book.writer}}</td> </tr> </table> </div> <ng-template #loading"dataAvailableById; else notAvailable"> Loading data... </div> notAvailable> Data not Aavailable. </ng-template> </ng-template> </div> <h3>Filter Books filterBookForm"filterBooks(filterBookForm)"> <div> Category: <select "category" ngModel> <option value"" disabled>Select a Category</option> <option *"let category of categories" [ngValue]"category.name"> {{ category.name }} </option> </select> </div> <br/> <div> Writer: "writer" > >Select a Writer</option> "let writer of writers" ["writer.name"> {{ writer.name }} </div> <div><br/> <button>Submit</button> "filterBookForm.submitted""filteredListOfBooks; else loading""let bk of filteredListOfBooks" > </table> "dataAvailableAfterFilter; else notAvailable"</div> "errorMessage" [ngClass] "'error'"> {{errorMessage}} </div>
book.component.css table { border-collapse: collapse; } table th td : 1px solid black{ color: red; font-size20pxbook.ts export class { id; name; category; writer; constructor{ }
app.component.ts Component 'app-root' template` <app-book></app-book> ` AppComponent { app.module.ts NgModule BrowserModule '@angular/platform-browser'FormsModule HttpModule } from './app.component'BookComponent './book.component'({ importsFormsModule], declarations[ AppComponentBookComponent providersBookService bootstrapAppComponent AppModule }

Run Application

To run the application,find following steps.
1. Download source code using download link given on this page.
2. In your angular CLI application,replace src folder.
3. Add "angular-in-memory-web-api": "~0.3.2" file.
4. Run and then run ng serve 5. Now access the URL http://localhost:4200 . Find the print screen.

Find the link for Angular 2 CRUD operation with Spring Boot.
Spring Boot REST + Angular 2 + JPA + Hibernate + MySQL CRUD Example

References

Http
Headers URLSearchParams RequestOptions Angular 2 Http post() Example

Download Source Code

angular-2-http-get-parameters-headers-urlsearchparams-requestoptions-example.zip
原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/angularjs/145936.html

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