ajax跨域访问，可以使用jsonp方法或设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现，关于设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问可以参考之前我写的文章《ajax 设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问》
1.ajax跨域访问,cookie丢失
首先创建两个测试域名
a.fdipzone.com 作为客户端域名
b.fdipzone.com 作为服务端域名
测试代码
setcookie.PHP 用于设置服务端cookie
<?PHP setcookie('data',time(),time()+3600); ?>
server.PHP 用于被客户端请求
<?PHP $name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : ''; $ret = array( 'success' => true,'name' => $name,'cookie' => isset($_COOKIE['data'])? $_COOKIE['data'] : '' ); // 指定允许其他域名访问 header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com'); // 响应类型 header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); // 响应头设置 header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type'); header('content-type:application/json'); echo json_encode($ret); ?>
test.html 客户端请求页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<Meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $.ajax({ url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.PHP',// 跨域 dataType: 'json',type: 'post',data: {'name':'fdipzone'},success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']); } } }); }) </script>
</body>
</html>
首先先执行http://b.fdipzone.com/setcookie.php,创建服务端cookie。
然后执行http://a.fdipzone.com/test.html
{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":""}
获取cookie失败。
2.解决方法
客户端
请求时将withCredentials属性设置为true
使可以指定某个请求应该发送凭据。如果服务器接收带凭据的请求，会用下面的HTTP头部来响应。
服务端
设置header
header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true");
允许请求带有验证信息
test.html 修改如下
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<Meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $.ajax({ url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.PHP',// 跨域 xhrFields:{withCredentials: true},// 发送凭据 dataType: 'json',success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']); } } }); }) </script>
</body>
</html>
<?PHP $name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : ''; $ret = array( 'success' => true,content-type'); // 是否允许请求带有验证信息 header('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true'); header('content-type:application/json'); echo json_encode($ret); ?>
按之前步骤执行，请求返回
{"success":true,"cookie":"1484558863"}
获取cookie成功
3.注意事项
1.如果客户端设置了withCredentials属性设置为true，而服务端没有设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true，请求时会返回错误。
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.PHP. Credentials flag is 'true',but the 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' header is ''. It must be 'true' to allow credentials. Origin 'http://a.fdipzone.com' is therefore not allowed access.
2.服务端header设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true后，Access-Control-Allow-Origin不可以设为*，必须设置为一个域名，否则回返回错误。
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.PHP. A wildcard '*' cannot be used in the 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header when the credentials flag is true. Origin 'http://a.fdipzone.com' is therefore not allowed access. The credentials mode of an XMLHttpRequest is controlled by the withCredentials attribute.
